In Ethiopia the society was generally patriarchal with tasks divided according to clear, defined gender roles.

A hierarchical structure existed within the family with the father/husband holding the senior position.

This role made him responsible for handling the family's finances and making important decisions.

The wife/mother was responsible for housework, i.e. cooking, cleaning, collecting water from the well, raising the children, etc.

The children also had clear tasks divided according to gender roles. The parents held a central role in the family and were treated with much respect by the children. The family unit included the extended family and the connection between all relatives was very strong. When troubles would arise between the parents in a family the 'Hashmaglitz' would help them reach a compromise.

On the journey to Israel and during the absorption process, the family structure has undergone very dramatic changes. The role of the extended family has lost almost all of its meaning. This has led to a redefinition of relationships within the family that at times creates conflicts and tension.